feat: 统一 cpp 文件编码格式为 utf-8
This commit is contained in:
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
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#include<iostream>
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һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ע<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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一种条件编译指令注释
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//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ע<EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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//另一种注释方法
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#if 0
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asd
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#endif
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//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ע<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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//打开注释
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//条件编译指令
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#if 1
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asData
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#endif
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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#include<iostream>
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using namespace std;
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//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ
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//相同的内存地址
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union myun
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{
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struct { int x; int y; int z; }u;
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@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ int main()
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a.u.x =4;
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a.u.y =5;
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a.u.z =6;
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a.k = 0; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>int<EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD>ֵ
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a.k = 0; //覆盖掉第一个int空间值
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printf("%d %d %d %d\n",a.u.x,a.u.y,a.u.z,a.k);
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system("pause");
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return 0;
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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>к<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>пհͲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>롣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>հ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD>
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//用cin输入字符串数据时,如果字符串中含有空白就不能完整输入。因为遇到空白字符时,cin就认为字符串结束了。
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#include<iostream>
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using namespace std;
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int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
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@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
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return 0;
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}
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/*
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>a<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>
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若a的内容是:
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this is a string!
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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就难以输入啦!
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这样的数据应用输入流类的成员函数输入
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*/
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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#include<iostream>
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using namespace std;
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//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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//函数原型
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//put(char c)
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//write(const char*c, int n)
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int main(){
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@@ -7,11 +7,11 @@ int main(){
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double d=-1234.8976;
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cout<<setw(30)<<left<<setfill('*')<<c<<"----L1"<<endl;
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cout<<setw(30)<<right<<setfill('*')<<c<<"----L2"<<endl;
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//showbase<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>Ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ
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//showbase显示数值的基数前缀
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cout<<dec<<showbase<<showpoint<<setw(30)<<d<<"----L3"<<"\n";
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//showpoint<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾС<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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//showpoint显示小数点
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cout<<setw(30)<<showpoint<<setprecision(10)<<d<<"----L4"<<"\n";
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//setbase(8)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ð˽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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//setbase(8)设置八进制
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cout<<setw(30)<<setbase(16)<<100<<"----L5"<<"\n";
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system("pause");
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}
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@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
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{
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fstream ioFile;
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ioFile.open("./a.dat",ios::out);
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ioFile<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<" "<<76<<" "<<98<<" "<<67<<endl; //L3
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ioFile<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<" "<<89<<" "<<70<<" "<<60<<endl;
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ioFile<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʮ"<<" "<<91<<" "<<88<<" "<<77<<endl;
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ioFile<<"<EFBFBD>ƶ<EFBFBD>"<<" "<<62<<" "<<81<<" "<<75<<endl;
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ioFile<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<" "<<90<<" "<<78<<" "<<67<<endl;
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ioFile<<"张三"<<" "<<76<<" "<<98<<" "<<67<<endl; //L3
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ioFile<<"李四"<<" "<<89<<" "<<70<<" "<<60<<endl;
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ioFile<<"王十"<<" "<<91<<" "<<88<<" "<<77<<endl;
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ioFile<<"黄二"<<" "<<62<<" "<<81<<" "<<75<<endl;
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ioFile<<"刘六"<<" "<<90<<" "<<78<<" "<<67<<endl;
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ioFile.close();
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ioFile.open("./a.dat",ios::in|ios::binary);
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char name[10];
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int chinese,math,computer;
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cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>\t"<<"Ӣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>\t"<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѧ\t"<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>\t"<<"<EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD>"<<endl;
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cout<<"姓名\t"<<"英语\t"<<"数学\t"<<"计算机\t"<<"总分"<<endl;
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ioFile>>name;
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while(!ioFile.eof()) {
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ioFile>>chinese>>math>>computer;
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@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>12-2<><32> <20>ú<EFBFBD><C3BA><EFBFBD>get<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>getline<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݡ<EFBFBD>
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//【例12-2】 用函数get和getline读取数据。
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#include <iostream>
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using namespace std;
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int main()
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@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ int main()
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}
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/*
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<EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>a = cin.get() ?<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ?cin.get(a)
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㹻<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>س<EFBFBD>
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˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>;<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ASCALL<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뵽a<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin.get()<29>ڻ<EFBFBD><DABB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[enter]<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[space]<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[tab]<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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用法:a = cin.get() ?或者 ?cin.get(a)
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结束条件:输入字符足够后回车
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说明:这个是单字符的输入,用途是输入一个字符,把它的ASCALL码存入到a中
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处理方法:与cin不同,cin.get()在缓冲区遇到[enter],[space],[tab]不会作为舍弃,而是继续留在缓冲区中
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*/
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@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
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#include<iostream>
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using namespace std;
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/*
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<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>1<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin.getline(arrayname,size)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin.get(arrayname,size)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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cin.get(arrayname,size)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[enter]ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ŀǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>[enter]
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cin.getline(arrayname,size)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[enter]ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǻ<EFBFBD>ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>[enter]
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(1)cin.getline(arrayname,size)与cin.get(arrayname,size)的区别
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cin.get(arrayname,size)当遇到[enter]时会结束目前输入,他不会删除缓冲区中的[enter]
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cin.getline(arrayname,size)当遇到[enter]时会结束当前输入,但是会删除缓冲区中的[enter]
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*/
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int main()
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{
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@@ -12,27 +12,27 @@ int main()
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char b;
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cin.get(a,10);
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cin.get(b);
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cout<<a<<endl<<int(b);//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룺12345[enter] <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>12345 <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD> 10*/
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cout<<a<<endl<<int(b);//输入:12345[enter] 输出:12345 【换行】 10*/
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/*char c[10];
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char d;
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cin.getline(c,10);
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cin.get(d);
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cout<<c<<endl<<int(d);//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룺12345[enter]a[enter] <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>12345<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD>97*/
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//cin.getline(arrayname,size,s)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin.gei(arrayname,size,s)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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cout<<c<<endl<<int(d);//输入:12345[enter]a[enter] 输出:12345【换行】97*/
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//cin.getline(arrayname,size,s)与cin.gei(arrayname,size,s)的区别
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/*
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cin.getline(arrayname,size,s)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>sʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>s<EFBFBD>ӻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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cin.get<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>arrayname,size,s<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>sʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>s
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cin.getline(arrayname,size,s)当遇到s时会结束输入,并把s从缓冲区中删除
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cin.get(arrayname,size,s)当遇到s时会结束输入,但不会删除缓冲区中的s
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*/
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/*
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char e[10];
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char f;
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cin.get(e,10,',');
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cin.get(f);
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cout<<e<<endl<<f;//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룺12345,[enter] <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>12345<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin,get<65><74><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɾ<EFBFBD><C9BE><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>*/
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cout<<e<<endl<<f;//输入:12345,[enter] 输出:12345【换行】,说明:cin,get不会删除缓冲区的,*/
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char e1[10];
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char f1;
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cin.getline(e1,10,',');
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cin.get(f1);
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cout<<e1<<endl<<f1;//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룺asd,wqe <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>asd<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD>w
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cout<<e1<<endl<<f1;//输入:asd,wqe 输出:asd【换行】w
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system("pause");
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}
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@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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#include<iostream>
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#include<fstream>
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//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵Ķ<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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//向量是一个能够存放任意类型的动态数组
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#include<vector>
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#include<cstring>
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using namespace std;
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@@ -25,20 +25,20 @@ class Person{
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int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
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{
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vector<Person> v;
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vector<Person>::iterator pos;//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>vector<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>vector<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
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vector<Person>::iterator pos;//声明一个迭代器,来访问vector容器,作用:遍历或者指向vector容器的元素
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char ch;
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ofstream out("d:/person.dat",ios::out|ios::app|ios::binary);
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char Name[20],ID[18],Addr[20];
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int Age;
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cout<<"------<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>------"<<endl<<endl;
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cout<<"------输入个人档案------"<<endl<<endl;
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do{
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cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ";
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cout<<"姓名: ";
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cin>>Name;
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cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֤<EFBFBD>ţ<EFBFBD> ";
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cout<<"身份证号: ";
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cin>>ID;
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cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>䣺 ";
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cout<<"年龄: ";
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cin>>Age;
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cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> ";
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cout<<"地址: ";
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cin>>Addr;
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Person per(Name,ID,Age,Addr);
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out.write((char*)&per,sizeof(per));
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@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
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v.push_back(s);
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in.read((char*)&s,sizeof(s));
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}
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cout<<"\n---------<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>--------"<<endl<<endl;//L15
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cout<<"\n---------从文件中读出的数据--------"<<endl<<endl;//L15
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pos=v.begin();
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for(pos=v.begin();pos!=v.end();pos++)
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(*pos).display();
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@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
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{
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int flag;
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unsigned seed;
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cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<endl;
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cout<<"请输入无符号整数:"<<endl;
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cin>>seed;
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srand(seed);
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int sum = rolldice();
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@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
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{
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cout<<i<<endl;
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cout<<wek+s<<endl;
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cout<<"-------<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>-------"<<endl;
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cout<<"-------哈哈-------"<<endl;
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}
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system("pause");
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return 0;
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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ void move(char A, char B);
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void hanoi(int n,char A, char B, char C);
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int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
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{
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cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
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cout<<"请输入盘子数量:";
|
||||
int disks;
|
||||
cin>>disks;
|
||||
hanoi(disks,'A','B','C');
|
||||
|
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ using namespace std;
|
||||
int f(int n, int k);
|
||||
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
{
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>n<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>k"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"请输入n与k"<<endl;
|
||||
int n,k;
|
||||
cin>>n;
|
||||
cin>>k;
|
||||
|
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
int i=1; // i Ϊȫ<EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>о<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڡ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
int i=1; // i 为全局变量,具有静态生存期。
|
||||
int main(void)
|
||||
{
|
||||
static int a; // <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
int b=-10; // b, cΪ<EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڡ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
static int a; // 静态局部变量,有全局寿命,局部可见。
|
||||
int b=-10; // b, c为局部变量,具有动态生存期。
|
||||
int c=0;
|
||||
void other(void);
|
||||
cout<<"---MAIN---\n";
|
||||
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ void other(void)
|
||||
{
|
||||
static int a=2;
|
||||
static int b;
|
||||
// a,bΪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>ν<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뺯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
int c=10; // CΪ<EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//ÿ<EFBFBD>ν<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뺯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// a,b为静态局部变量,具有全局寿命,局部可见。
|
||||
//只第一次进入函数时被初始化。
|
||||
int c=10; // C为局部变量,具有动态生存期
|
||||
//每次进入函数时都初始化。
|
||||
a=a+2; i=i+32; c=c+5;
|
||||
cout<<"---OTHER---\n";
|
||||
cout<<" i: "<<i<<" a: "<<a<<" b: "<<b<<" c: "<<c<<endl;
|
||||
|
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//函数声明
|
||||
inline double CalArea(double radius);
|
||||
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
{
|
||||
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
//<EFBFBD>ӹؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>inline
|
||||
//加关键字inline
|
||||
inline double CalArea(double radius)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return 3.14*radius*radius;
|
||||
|
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
һԲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Χ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һԲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Χ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>դ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>դ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>۸<EFBFBD>Ϊ35Ԫ/<2F>ף<EFBFBD><D7A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ20Ԫ/ƽ<><C6BD><EFBFBD>ס<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ3<EFBFBD>ף<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӿ<EFBFBD>ذ뾶<EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>롣Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̼<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㲢<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>դ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ۡ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
一圆型游泳池如图所示,现在需在其周围建一圆型过道,并在其四周围上栅栏。栅栏价格为35元/米,过道造价为20元/平方米。
|
||||
过道宽度为3米,游泳池半径由键盘输入。要求编程计算并输出过道和栅栏的造价。
|
||||
|
||||
ͼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԲǶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>СԲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
СԲ<EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD>м䣬СԲΪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӿ<EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>СԲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
图形描述:大圆嵌套小圆:
|
||||
小圆在大圆中间,小圆为游泳池,大圆与小圆间隔为过道。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ Circle::Circle(float r)
|
||||
radius=r;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܳ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
// 计算圆的周长
|
||||
float Circle::Circumference() const
|
||||
{
|
||||
return 2 * PI * radius;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// 计算圆的面积
|
||||
float Circle::Area() const
|
||||
{
|
||||
return PI * radius * radius;
|
||||
@@ -42,20 +42,20 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
float radius;
|
||||
float FenceCost, ConcreteCost;
|
||||
|
||||
// <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾ<EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뾶
|
||||
// 提示用户输入半径
|
||||
cout<<"Enter the radius of the pool: ";
|
||||
cin>>radius;
|
||||
|
||||
// <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> Circle <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// 声明 Circle 对象
|
||||
Circle Pool(radius);
|
||||
Circle PoolRim(radius + 3);
|
||||
// <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>դ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>۲<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// 计算栅栏造价并输出
|
||||
FenceCost = PoolRim.Circumference() * FencePrice;
|
||||
cout << "Fencing Cost is <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>" << FenceCost << endl;
|
||||
cout << "Fencing Cost is ¥" << FenceCost << endl;
|
||||
|
||||
// <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>۲<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// 计算过道造价并输出
|
||||
ConcreteCost = (PoolRim.Area() - Pool.Area())*ConcretePrice;
|
||||
cout << "Concrete Cost is <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>" << ConcreteCost << endl;
|
||||
cout << "Concrete Cost is ¥" << ConcreteCost << endl;
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,31 +1,31 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Խ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һЩ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>⣬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܵġ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫע<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ṩһ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ø<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뿴<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Σ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
使用前向引用声明虽然可以解决一些问题,但它并不是万能的。需要注意的是,
|
||||
尽管使用了前向引用声明,但是在提供一个完整的类声明之前,不能声明该类的对象,
|
||||
也不能在内联成员函数中使用该类的对象。请看下面的程序段:
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//第一种
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
class Fred; //ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
class Fred; //前向引用声明
|
||||
class Barney {
|
||||
Fred x; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Fred<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
Fred x; //错误:类Fred的声明尚不完善
|
||||
};
|
||||
class Fred {
|
||||
Barney y;
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
//<EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
class Fred; //ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//第二种
|
||||
class Fred; //前向引用声明
|
||||
|
||||
class Barney {
|
||||
public:
|
||||
void method()
|
||||
{
|
||||
x->yabbaDabbaDo(); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Fred<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
x->yabbaDabbaDo(); //错误:Fred类的对象在定义之前被使用
|
||||
}
|
||||
private:
|
||||
Fred* x; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Fred<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
Fred* x; //正确,经过前向引用声明,可以声明Fred类的对象指针
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
class Fred {
|
||||
@@ -36,5 +36,5 @@ class Fred {
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD>ܽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ñ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ţ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>漰<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD>ϸ<EFBFBD>ڡ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
总结:当使用前向引用声明时,只能使用被声明的符号,而不能涉及类的任何细节。
|
||||
*/
|
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
֪ʶ<EFBFBD>㣺
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>þ<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ľ<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݳ<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
知识点:
|
||||
静态成员函数
|
||||
类外代码可以使用类名和作用域操作符来调用静态成员函数。
|
||||
静态成员函数只能引用属于该类的静态数据成员或静态成员函数。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
|
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ class A
|
||||
void A::f(A a)
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ľ<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݳ<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// cout<<x; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>x<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
cout<<a.x; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ
|
||||
//静态成员函数只能引用属于该类的静态数据成员或静态成员函数。
|
||||
// cout<<x; //对x的引用是错误的
|
||||
cout<<a.x; //正确
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
|
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
ѧϰ֪ʶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݳ<EFBFBD>Ա
|
||||
<EFBFBD>ùؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>static<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ж<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ά<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ó<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬһ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ⶨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͳ<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>(::)<29><>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ࡣ
|
||||
学习知识:
|
||||
静态数据成员
|
||||
用关键字static声明
|
||||
该类的所有对象维护该成员的同一个拷贝
|
||||
必须在类外定义和初始化,用(::)来指明所属的类。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public:
|
||||
void GetC() {cout<<" Object id="<<countP<<endl;}
|
||||
private:
|
||||
int X,Y;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݳ<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ⲿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͳ<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD>ӳ<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//静态数据成员,必须在外部定义和初始化,内部不能直接初始化!
|
||||
static int countP;
|
||||
};
|
||||
Point::Point(Point &p)
|
||||
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Point::Point(Point &p)
|
||||
Y=p.Y;
|
||||
countP++;
|
||||
}
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ⶨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͳ<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>(::)<29><>ָ<EFBFBD><D6B8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ࡣ
|
||||
//必须在类外定义和初始化,用(::)来指明所属的类。
|
||||
int Point::countP=0;
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{ Point A(4,5);
|
||||
|
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ class A
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{ double d(9.5);
|
||||
display(d);
|
||||
A const a(3,4); //a<EFBFBD>dz<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
A const a(3,4); //a是常对象,不能被更新
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
void display(const double& r)
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>βΣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ں<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> r<><72><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õĶ<C3B5><C4B6><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//常引用做形参,在函数中不能更新 r所引用的对象。
|
||||
{ cout<<r<<endl; }
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
@@ -3,37 +3,37 @@ using namespace std;
|
||||
class R
|
||||
{ public:
|
||||
R(int r1, int r2){R1=r1;R2=r2;}
|
||||
//const<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֳ<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>غ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//const区分成员重载函数
|
||||
void print();
|
||||
void print() const;
|
||||
private:
|
||||
int R1,R2;
|
||||
};
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>const;
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>const<EFBFBD>Ǻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ֲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҲҪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>const<EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֡<EFBFBD>
|
||||
const<EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>غ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD>ܵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
常成员函数说明格式:类型说明符 函数名(参数表)const;
|
||||
这里,const是函数类型的一个组成部分,因此在实现部分也要带const关键字。
|
||||
const关键字可以被用于参与对重载函数的区分
|
||||
通过常对象只能调用它的常成员函数
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
void R::print()
|
||||
{
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"普通调用"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<R1<<":"<<R2<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
//ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//实例化也需要带上
|
||||
void R::print() const
|
||||
{
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"常对象调用"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<R1<<";"<<R2<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{
|
||||
R a(5,4);
|
||||
a.print(); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>void print()
|
||||
//ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD>ܵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
a.print(); //调用void print()
|
||||
//通过常对象只能调用它的常成员函数
|
||||
const R b(20,52);
|
||||
b.print(); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>void print() const
|
||||
b.print(); //调用void print() const
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
//ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//使用友元函数计算两点间距离
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
#include <cmath>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ class Point{
|
||||
}
|
||||
friend float Distance(Point &a,Point &b);
|
||||
private:
|
||||
int X,Y;//˽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݳ<EFBFBD>Ա
|
||||
int X,Y;//私有数据成员
|
||||
};
|
||||
//ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>DZ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ص<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//通过将一个模块声明为另一个模块的友元,一个模块能够引用到另一个模块中本是被隐藏的信息。
|
||||
float Distance(Point &a, Point &b){
|
||||
double dx = a.X-b.X;
|
||||
double dy = a.Y-b.Y;
|
||||
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ float Distance(Point &a, Point &b){
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{
|
||||
Point p1(3.0,5.0),p2(4.0,6.0);
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<Distance(p1,p2)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"两点距离为:"<<Distance(p1,p2)<<endl;
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʶԷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>friend<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
若一个类为另一个类的友元,则此类的所有成员都能访问对方类的私有成员。
|
||||
声明语法:将友元类名在另一个类中使用friend修饰说明。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>B<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>A<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>B<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Է<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>A<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD>кͱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>A<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>B<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݡ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
如果声明B类是A类的友元,B类的成员函数就可以访问A类的私有和保护数据,
|
||||
但A类的成员函数却不能访问B类的私有、保护数据。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
class A{
|
||||
friend class B;
|
||||
@@ -45,5 +45,5 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>B<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>A<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>B<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Է<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>A<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD>кͱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>A<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>B<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
如果声明B类是A类的友元,B类的成员函数就可以访问A类的私有和保护数据,但A类的成员函数却不能访问B类的私有、保护数据
|
||||
*/
|
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Clock::Clock(Clock &c)
|
||||
}
|
||||
void Clock::SetTime(int NewH,int NewM,int NewS)
|
||||
{
|
||||
//<EFBFBD>Ӳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>thisָ<EFBFBD>붼һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//加不加this指针都一样
|
||||
this->Hour=NewH;
|
||||
this->Minute=NewM;
|
||||
this->Second=NewS;
|
||||
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ void Clock::ShowTime()
|
||||
cout<<this->Minute<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<this->Second<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//析构函数
|
||||
Clock::~Clock()
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
|
||||
c.SetTime(10,20,30);
|
||||
c.ShowTime();
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>캯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//拷贝构造函数调用
|
||||
Clock c1(c);
|
||||
c1.ShowTime();
|
||||
c1.SetTime(90,98,99);
|
||||
|
@@ -24,19 +24,19 @@ int main(){
|
||||
B b1,*pB;
|
||||
a1.setA(1);
|
||||
b1.setA(2);
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//把派生类对象赋值给基类对象。
|
||||
a1=b1;
|
||||
cout<<a1.getA()<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl;
|
||||
a1.setA(10);
|
||||
cout<<a1.getA()<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD>롣
|
||||
//把派生类对象的地址赋值给基类指针。
|
||||
pA=&b1;
|
||||
pA->setA(20);
|
||||
cout<<pA->getA()<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<b1.getA()<<endl;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>á<EFBFBD>
|
||||
//用派生类对象初始化基类对象的引用。
|
||||
A &ra=b1;
|
||||
ra.setA(30);
|
||||
cout<<pA->getA()<<endl;
|
||||
|
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD>ȹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա
|
||||
<EFBFBD>ٹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ù<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>캯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
先构造成员
|
||||
再构造自身(调用构造函数)
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
class A {
|
||||
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ int main()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
ִ<EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
执行结果:
|
||||
Constructing B
|
||||
Constructing A
|
||||
Constructing C
|
||||
|
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class Derived:public Base{
|
||||
private:
|
||||
int y;
|
||||
public:
|
||||
Derived(int a,int b):Base(a){ //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>캯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD>
|
||||
Derived(int a,int b):Base(a){ //派生类构造函数的初始化列表
|
||||
y=b;
|
||||
cout<<"Derived constructor y="<<y<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ int main()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
ִ<EFBFBD>н<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
执行结果:
|
||||
Constructing C
|
||||
Constructing B
|
||||
Constructing A
|
||||
|
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class Line:public Point{
|
||||
protected:
|
||||
int len;
|
||||
public:
|
||||
Line(int a,int b,int l):Point(a,b) { //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>캯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD>
|
||||
Line(int a,int b,int l):Point(a,b) { //构造函数初始化列表
|
||||
len=l;
|
||||
cout<<"Constructing Line,len ..."<<len<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>protected<EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Է<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ߣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Է<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
基类中protected的成员
|
||||
类内部:可以访问
|
||||
类的使用者:不能访问
|
||||
类的派生类成员:可以访问
|
||||
*/
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
class B
|
||||
@@ -19,16 +19,16 @@ class D: public B
|
||||
public:
|
||||
void f()
|
||||
{
|
||||
i=1;//cannot access <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˽<EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD>Ա
|
||||
j=2;//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Է<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ౣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա
|
||||
i=1;//cannot access 派生类不可访问基类私有成员
|
||||
j=2;//派生类可以访问基类保护成员
|
||||
k=3;
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{
|
||||
B b;
|
||||
b.i=1;//cannot access ˽<EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>߲<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
b.j=2; //cannot access <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>߲<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
b.i=1;//cannot access 私有成员,类的使用者不能访问
|
||||
b.j=2; //cannot access 保护成员,类的使用者不能访问
|
||||
b.k=3;
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
|
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽΪprotected<EFBFBD>ļ̳г<EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̳У<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ּ̳з<EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD>£<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>public<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>л<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>protected<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>protected<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>private<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ķ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȩ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
派生方式为protected的继承称为保护继承,在这种继承方式下,
|
||||
基类的public成员在派生类中会变成protected成员,
|
||||
基类的protected和private成员在派生类中保持原来的访问权限
|
||||
*/
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
@@ -17,21 +17,21 @@ class Derived:protected Base{
|
||||
int y;
|
||||
public:
|
||||
void sety(int n){ y=n; }
|
||||
void sety(){ y=getx();} //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա
|
||||
void sety(){ y=getx();} //访问基类的保护成员
|
||||
void showy(){ cout<<y<<endl; }
|
||||
};
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
Derived obj;
|
||||
obj.setx(10); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
obj.setx(10); //错误
|
||||
obj.sety(20);
|
||||
obj.showx(); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
obj.showx(); //错误,
|
||||
obj.showy();
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>̳лὫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>public<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊprotected<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>protected<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD>ⲿȥʹ<EFBFBD>ñ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>ᱨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>setx<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>showx<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>࣬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD>ӷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ı<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD>y=getx()<29><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʣ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
解释:
|
||||
如最上面文字所示:保护继承会将基类的public变为protected,而对于protected成员,
|
||||
外部去使用保护成员的时候,会报错,所以setx与showx访问错误,而对于派生类,则可直接访问基类的保护成员,
|
||||
在派生类中,y=getx()可正常访问!
|
||||
*/
|
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ public:
|
||||
int getx(){ return x; }
|
||||
void showx() { cout<<x<<endl; }
|
||||
};
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//派生类
|
||||
class derived:public base{
|
||||
int y;
|
||||
public:
|
||||
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public:
|
||||
void showy()
|
||||
{ cout<<y<<endl; }
|
||||
};
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD>ӷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>private<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//派生类不可直接访问基类的private成员,可通过基类的共有成员函数访问
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{ derived obj;
|
||||
obj.setx(10);
|
||||
|
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ public:
|
||||
};
|
||||
class ABC:public C, public B {
|
||||
public:
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
ABC(int i,int j,int k):C(i),B(j),A(i) //L1<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>A<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>г<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//虚基类由最终派生类初始化
|
||||
ABC(int i,int j,int k):C(i),B(j),A(i) //L1,这里必须对A进行初始化
|
||||
{ cout<<"Constructing ABC..."<<endl; }
|
||||
};
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
|
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ!!!
|
||||
//重要!!!
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
class A {
|
||||
|
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD>ӻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD>ӻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>졣
|
||||
//当同时存在直接基类和间接基类时,每个派生类只负责其直接基类的构造。
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
class A {
|
||||
|
@@ -13,21 +13,21 @@ class Figure{
|
||||
class Trianle:public Figure{
|
||||
public:
|
||||
void area(){
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<x*y*0.5<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"三角形面积:"<<x*y*0.5<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
class Rectangle:public Figure{
|
||||
public:
|
||||
void area(){
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Σ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<x*y<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"这是矩形,它的面积是:"<<x*y<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
{
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//定义抽象类指针
|
||||
Figure *pF=NULL;
|
||||
// Figure f1; <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܱ<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// Figure f1; 抽象类不能被实例化
|
||||
Rectangle r;
|
||||
Trianle t;
|
||||
t.set(10,20);
|
||||
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
r.set(10,20);
|
||||
pF=&r;
|
||||
pF->area();
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//定义抽象类引用
|
||||
Figure &rF=t;
|
||||
rF.set(20,20);
|
||||
rF.area();
|
||||
|
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
//Eg7-1.cpp
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ,<2C>麯<EFBFBD><E9BAAF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>麯<EFBFBD><E9BAAF><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Employee<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>printΪ<EFBFBD>麯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>Manager<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>print<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>麯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD>ܷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>Employee<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>print
|
||||
//基类指针或引用指向派生类对象时,虚函数与非虚函数区别:
|
||||
//声明Employee的print为虚函数,则可访问到Manager的print函数,非虚函数,则只能访问到Employee的print
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
#include<string>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ float Employee::getSalary(){
|
||||
return 0.0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
void Employee::print(){
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<Name<<"\t"<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ţ<EFBFBD>"<<Id<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"姓名:"<<Name<<"\t"<<"编号:"<<Id<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
class Manager:public Employee{
|
||||
@@ -38,23 +38,23 @@ class Manager:public Employee{
|
||||
Manager(string name,string id,float s=0.0):Employee(name,id){
|
||||
weeklySalary=s;
|
||||
}
|
||||
void setSalary(float s) { weeklySalary=s; } //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>þ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>н
|
||||
float getSalary(){ return weeklySalary; } //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>н
|
||||
void print(){ //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֤<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>н
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<getName()<<"\t\t <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>: "<<getId()<<"\t\t <EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>: "<<getSalary()<<endl;
|
||||
void setSalary(float s) { weeklySalary=s; } //设置经理的周薪
|
||||
float getSalary(){ return weeklySalary; } //获取经理的周薪
|
||||
void print(){ //打印经理姓名、身份证、周薪
|
||||
cout<<"经理:"<<getName()<<"\t\t 编号: "<<getId()<<"\t\t 周工资: "<<getSalary()<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
private:
|
||||
float weeklySalary; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>н
|
||||
float weeklySalary; //周薪
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ã<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ӻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>м̳е<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ඨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>麯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD>ÿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ඨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
不论哪种赋值方式,都只能通过基类对象(或基类对象的指针或引用)访问到派生类对象从基类中继承到的成员,
|
||||
不能借此访问派生类定义的成员。而虚函数使得可以通过基类对象的指针或引用访问派生类定义的成员。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
Employee e("С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>","NO0001"),*pM;
|
||||
Manager m("С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>","NO0002",128);
|
||||
Employee e("小米","NO0001"),*pM;
|
||||
Manager m("小汪","NO0002",128);
|
||||
m.print();
|
||||
pM=&m;
|
||||
pM->print();
|
||||
@@ -63,4 +63,4 @@ int main(){
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
//Virtual<EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ǹ<EFBFBD>֪<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊvirtual<EFBFBD>ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ö<EFBFBD>̬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>롣
|
||||
//Virtual关键字其实质是告知编译系统,被指定为virtual的函数采用动态联编的形式编译。
|
||||
|
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class C: public B {
|
||||
public:
|
||||
void f(int i){cout<<"C::f()"<<endl;}
|
||||
};
|
||||
//һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ij<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ<EFBFBD>麯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڼ̳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ϵ<EFBFBD>о<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ԶΪ<EFBFBD>麯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//一旦将某个成员函数声明为虚函数后,它在继承体系中就永远为虚函数了
|
||||
class D: public C{
|
||||
public:
|
||||
void f (int){cout<<"D::f()"<<endl;}
|
||||
@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ public:
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
A *pA,a;
|
||||
B *pB, b; C c; D d;
|
||||
pA=&a; pA->f(1); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>A::f
|
||||
pB=&b; pB->f(1); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>B::f
|
||||
pB=&c; pB->f(1); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>C::f
|
||||
pB=&d; pB->f(1); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>D::f
|
||||
pA=&a; pA->f(1); //调用A::f
|
||||
pB=&b; pB->f(1); //调用B::f
|
||||
pB=&c; pB->f(1); //调用C::f
|
||||
pB=&d; pB->f(1); //调用D::f
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ch.cppi
|
||||
//例题ch.cppi
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
class X{
|
||||
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ public:
|
||||
int main ()
|
||||
{
|
||||
X obj1, obj2, obj3;
|
||||
obj1 = obj2; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ء<EFBFBD>=<3D><>
|
||||
obj1.operator= (obj2); //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ء<EFBFBD>=<3D><>
|
||||
obj1 = obj2 = obj3; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ء<EFBFBD>=<3D><>
|
||||
obj1 = obj2; //调用重载“=”
|
||||
obj1.operator= (obj2); //调用重载“=”
|
||||
obj1 = obj2 = obj3; //调用重载“=”
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -2,27 +2,27 @@
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
#include <cstring>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
struct Person{ //ְ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD>Ľṹ
|
||||
struct Person{ //职工基本信息的结构
|
||||
double salary;
|
||||
char *name;
|
||||
};
|
||||
class SalaryManaege{
|
||||
Person *employ; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
int max; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>±<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͻ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
int n; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ְ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
Person *employ; //存放职工信息的数组
|
||||
int max; //数组下标上界
|
||||
int n; //数组中的实际职工人数
|
||||
public:
|
||||
SalaryManaege(int Max=0){
|
||||
max=Max;
|
||||
n=0;
|
||||
employ=new Person[max];
|
||||
}
|
||||
double &operator[](char *Name) { //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>[]<5D><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
double &operator[](char *Name) { //重载[],返回引用
|
||||
Person *p;
|
||||
for(p=employ;p<employ+n;p++)
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//如果存在处理
|
||||
if(strcmp(p->name,Name)==0)
|
||||
return p->salary;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//不存在情况处理
|
||||
p=employ + n++;
|
||||
p->name=new char[strlen(Name)+1];
|
||||
strcpy(p->name,Name);
|
||||
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ public:
|
||||
};
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
SalaryManaege s(3);
|
||||
s["<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"]=2188.88;
|
||||
s["<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˹"]=1230.07;
|
||||
s["<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"]=3200.97;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>\t"<<s["<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"]<<endl; cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˹\t"<<s["<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˹"]<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>\t"<<s["<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"]<<endl;
|
||||
s["张三"]=2188.88;
|
||||
s["里斯"]=1230.07;
|
||||
s["王无"]=3200.97;
|
||||
cout<<"张三\t"<<s["张三"]<<endl; cout<<"里斯\t"<<s["里斯"]<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"王无\t"<<s["王无"]<<endl;
|
||||
|
||||
cout<<"-------<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊdisplay<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>--------\n\n";
|
||||
cout<<"-------下为display的输出--------\n\n";
|
||||
s.display();
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
//<EFBFBD>и<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Complex<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ļӡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㡣
|
||||
//有复数类Complex,利用运算符重载实现复数的加、减、乘、除等复数运算。
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
class Complex {
|
||||
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Complex Complex::operator -(Complex b)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return Complex(r-b.r,i-b.i);
|
||||
}
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㷨
|
||||
//求复数相乘的算法
|
||||
Complex Complex::operator *(Complex b)
|
||||
{
|
||||
Complex t;
|
||||
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Complex Complex::operator *(Complex b)
|
||||
t.i=r*b.i+i*b.r;
|
||||
return t;
|
||||
}
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㷨
|
||||
//求复数相除的算法
|
||||
Complex Complex::operator /(Complex b) {
|
||||
Complex t;
|
||||
double x;
|
||||
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ void Complex::display(){
|
||||
int main(void) {
|
||||
Complex c1(1,2),c2(3,4),c3,c4,c5,c6;
|
||||
Complex a,b(2,3);
|
||||
a=b+2; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȷ
|
||||
// a=2+b; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
a=b+2; //正确
|
||||
// a=2+b; //错误
|
||||
a.display();
|
||||
c3=c1+c2;
|
||||
c4=c1-c2;
|
||||
|
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ using namespace std;
|
||||
|
||||
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
{
|
||||
string name[]={"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>","<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>","<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"};
|
||||
string name[]={"张三","李四","王麻子"};
|
||||
double salary[]={1200,2000,1450};
|
||||
map<string,double>sal;
|
||||
map<string,double>::iterator p;
|
||||
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
cout<<p->first<<"\t"<<p->second<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
string person;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:";
|
||||
cout<<"输入查找人员的姓名:";
|
||||
cin>>person;
|
||||
int flag=1;
|
||||
for(p=sal.begin();p!=sal.end();p++)
|
||||
@@ -27,18 +27,18 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
flag=0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
if(flag)
|
||||
cout<<"û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD>Ľ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"没查找到对应的结果!"<<endl;
|
||||
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>:";
|
||||
cout<<"输入待删除的人员的姓名:";
|
||||
cin>>person;
|
||||
map<string,double>::iterator it;
|
||||
it = sal.find(person);
|
||||
if(it!=sal.end()){
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳɹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<(*it).first<<":"<<(*it).second<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"查找成功:"<<(*it).first<<":"<<(*it).second<<endl;
|
||||
sal.erase(it);
|
||||
cout<<"ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɹ<EFBFBD>"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"删除成功"<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
cout<<"ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ľ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"删除后的结果为"<<endl;
|
||||
for(p=sal.begin();p!=sal.end();p++){
|
||||
cout<<p->first<<p->second<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -6,21 +6,21 @@ template <class T>
|
||||
T Max(T a,T b) {
|
||||
return (a>b)?a:b;
|
||||
}
|
||||
//<EFBFBD>ػ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
//template <> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><<3C>ػ<EFBFBD><D8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>(<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>) {}
|
||||
//特化
|
||||
//template <> 返回类型 函数名<特化的数据类型>(参数表) {}
|
||||
template<>char * Max<char *>(char *a,char *b) {
|
||||
return (strcmp(a,b)>=0)?a:b;
|
||||
}
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
float c=5.1,d=3.2;
|
||||
cout<<"2,3<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Max(3,2)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"c,d<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Max(c,d)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"2,3的最大值是:"<<Max(3,2)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"c,d的最大值是:"<<Max(c,d)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<Max("xbv","xyce")<<endl;
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
}
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬʱ<CDAC><CAB1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ػ<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><CAB1><EFBFBD>ػ<EFBFBD><D8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȵ<EFBFBD><C8B5>ã<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ͬһ<CDAC><D2BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD><D0A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>˺<EFBFBD><CBBA><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ػ<EFBFBD><D8BB>⣬<EFBFBD><E2A3AC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>C++<2B><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><CDA8><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><C4B5><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ν<EFBFBD><CEBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><CABD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><D7AA><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>庯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ػ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>IJ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
① 当程序中同时存在模板和它的特化时,特化将被优先调用;
|
||||
② 在同一个程序中,除了函数模板和它的特化外,还可以有同名的普通函数。其区别在于C++会对普通函数的调用实参进行隐式的类型转换,
|
||||
但不会对模板函数及特化函数的参数进行任何形式的类型转换。
|
||||
|
||||
*/
|
@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@ T Max(T a,T b) {
|
||||
return (a>b)?a:b;
|
||||
}
|
||||
/*
|
||||
C++<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>У<EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD>Ǽؽ<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>滻<EFBFBD>ɵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>ε<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Դ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>庯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
C++在实例化函数模板的过程中,只是简单地将模板参数替换成调用实参的类型,并以此生成模板函数,不会进行参数类型的任何转换。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
double a=2,b=3.4;
|
||||
float c=5.1,d=3.2;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵<EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
cout<<"2, 3.2 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Max(double(2),3.2)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"a, c <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Max(float(a),c)<<endl;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾָ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>IJ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
cout<<"'a', 3 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Max<int>('a',3)<<endl;
|
||||
//在模板调用时进行参数类型的强制转换
|
||||
cout<<"2, 3.2 的最大值是:"<<Max(double(2),3.2)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"a, c 的最大值是:"<<Max(float(a),c)<<endl;
|
||||
//显示指定函数模板实例化的参数类型
|
||||
cout<<"'a', 3 的最大值是:"<<Max<int>('a',3)<<endl;
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
|
||||
//Eg9-1.cpp
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
//ע<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>㣬max<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>minʹ<EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD>ı亯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>std::cout<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>std::endl
|
||||
//注意一点,max与min使用的时候,容易引起冲突,如果写了下面这一行代码,则要改变函数模板名字,否则直接使用std::cout与std::endl
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>class<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>class<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ȼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĸ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Dz<EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD>ġ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>class<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾT<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>κ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>int<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>float<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>char<EFBFBD>ȣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>struct<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>enum<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>class<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Զ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD>
|
||||
不要把这里的class与类的声明关键字class混淆在一起,虽然它们由相同的字母组成,但含义是不同的。
|
||||
这里的class表示T是一个类型参数,可以是任何数据类型,如int、float、char等,或者用户定义的struct、enum或class等自定义数据类型。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
template <class T>
|
||||
T Min(T a,T b) {
|
||||
return (a<b)?a:b;
|
||||
}
|
||||
/*
|
||||
Ϊ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ؼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>class<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>C++<2B><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>?<3F><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>typename<6D><65>Ϊģ<CEAA><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ؼ<CDB9><D8BC>֣<EFBFBD>ͬʱҲ֧<D2B2><D6A7>ʹ<EFBFBD><CAB9>class<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>磬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>min<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>template <class T>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȫ<EFBFBD>ȼ۵ģ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
为了区别类与模板参数中的类型关键字class,标准C++提出?了用typename作为模板参数的类型关键字,同时也支持使用class。
|
||||
比如,把min定义的template <class T>写成下面的形式是完全等价的:
|
||||
*/
|
||||
template <typename T>
|
||||
T myMin(T a, T b){
|
||||
@@ -20,22 +20,22 @@ T myMin(T a, T b){
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>庯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>жԺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ĵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ż<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD>εľ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>ȷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ô<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>滻<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>е<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵ĺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>룬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>庯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>η<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD>IJ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD>1<EFBFBD>ν<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֻ<EFBFBD>ڵ<EFBFBD>1<EFBFBD>ε<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>庯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֮<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͵IJ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>庯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>õ<EFBFBD>1<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɵ<EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD>庯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
模板实例化发生在调用模板函数时。当编译器遇到程序中对函数模板的调用时,
|
||||
它才会根据调用语句中实参的具体类型,确定模板参数的数据类型,
|
||||
并用此类型替换函数模板中的模板参数,生成能够处理该类型的函数代码,即模板函数。
|
||||
当多次发生类型相同的参数调用时,只在第1次进行实例化。编译器只在第1次调用时生成模板函数,
|
||||
当之后遇到相同类型的参数调用时,不再生成其他模板函数,它将调用第1次实例化生成的模板函数。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
double a=2,b=3.4;
|
||||
float c=2.3,d=3.2;
|
||||
cout<<"2<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>3 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Min<int>(2,3)<<endl; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
cout<<"2<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>3.4 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Min(a,b)<<endl;//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
cout<<"'a'<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>'b' <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Min('a','b')<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"2.3<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>3.2<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Min(c,d)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"2.3<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>3.2<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<std::min(c,d)<<endl;//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ռ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
cout<<"2.3<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>3.2<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<myMin(c,d)<<endl;//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>classΪtypename
|
||||
// cout<<"2<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>'a' <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сֵ<EFBFBD>ǣ<EFBFBD>"<<Min(2,'a')<<endl; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,<2C><>ͬ<EFBFBD><CDAC><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><DEB7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뿴9-3-1.cpp
|
||||
cout<<"2,3 的最小值是:"<<Min<int>(2,3)<<endl; //显式调用
|
||||
cout<<"2,3.4 的最小值是:"<<Min(a,b)<<endl;//隐式调用
|
||||
cout<<"'a','b' 的最小值是:"<<Min('a','b')<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"2.3,3.2的最小值是:"<<Min(c,d)<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"2.3,3.2的最大值是:"<<std::min(c,d)<<endl;//引用命名空间内部的最小值函数
|
||||
cout<<"2.3,3.2的最小值是:"<<myMin(c,d)<<endl;//更换class为typename
|
||||
// cout<<"2,'a' 的最小值是:"<<Min(2,'a')<<endl; //报错,不同类型无法处理,请看9-3-1.cpp
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ջ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Stack<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>T<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾջ<EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ŵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>÷<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>MAXSIZE<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ջ<EFBFBD>Ĵ<EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
设计一个堆栈的类模板Stack,在模板中用类型参数T表示栈中存放的数据,用非类型参数MAXSIZE代表栈的大小。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
@@ -32,14 +32,14 @@ class Stack{
|
||||
}
|
||||
};
|
||||
/*
|
||||
ԭ<EFBFBD>ͣ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
template <ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD>>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><ģ<><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>::<3A><>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> (<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD>){};
|
||||
原型:
|
||||
template <模板参数列表>
|
||||
返回值类型 类模板名<模板参数名表>::成员函数名 (参数列表){};
|
||||
*/
|
||||
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
|
||||
void Stack<T,MAXSIZE>::push(T e){
|
||||
if(full()){
|
||||
cout<<"ջ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"栈已满,不能再添加元素了!";
|
||||
return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
elem[++top]=e;
|
||||
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void Stack<T,MAXSIZE>::push(T e){
|
||||
template<class T, int MAXSIZE>
|
||||
T Stack<T,MAXSIZE>::pop(){
|
||||
if(empty()){
|
||||
cout<<"ջ<EFBFBD>ѿգ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ٵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD>"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"栈已空,不能再弹出元素了!"<<endl;
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
return elem[top--];
|
||||
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ T Stack<T,MAXSIZE>::pop(){
|
||||
|
||||
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
{
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ģ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//类模板实例化
|
||||
Stack<int,10> iStack;
|
||||
Stack<char,10> cStack;
|
||||
iStack.setEmpty();
|
||||
|
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>࣬<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD>ֱ<EFBFBD>Ӵ<EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>дӴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//设计一通用数组类,它能够直接存取数组元素,并能够对数组进行从大到小的排序。
|
||||
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
#include<cstring>
|
||||
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ class Array{
|
||||
|
||||
template<class T> T& Array<T>::operator[](int i){
|
||||
if(i<0||i>Size-1){
|
||||
cout<<"\n<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>±<EFBFBD>Խ<EFBFBD>磡"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"\n数组下标越界!"<<endl;
|
||||
exit(1);
|
||||
}
|
||||
return a[i];
|
||||
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ template<class T> void Array<T>::Sort(){
|
||||
a[i]=t;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
//template <> <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD> <20><>ģ<EFBFBD><C4A3><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><<3C>ػ<EFBFBD><D8BB><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>>::<3A>ػ<EFBFBD><D8BB><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><D4B1><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>(<28><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>){}
|
||||
//template <> 返回类型 类模板名<特化的数据类型>::特化成员函数名(参数表){}
|
||||
template<> void Array<char *>::Sort(){
|
||||
int p;
|
||||
for(int i=0;i<Size-1;i++){
|
||||
|
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ int main(){
|
||||
throw 10;
|
||||
cout<<"3--After throw ...."<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
catch(double i) { //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>10.1<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͬ
|
||||
catch(double i) { //仅此与例10.1不同
|
||||
cout<<"4--In catch block1 .. an int type is.."<<i<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
cout<<"5--After Catch...";
|
||||
|
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ using namespace std;
|
||||
void temperature(int t)
|
||||
{
|
||||
|
||||
if(t==100) throw "<EFBFBD>е㣡";
|
||||
else if(t==0) throw "<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㣡";
|
||||
if(t==100) throw "沸点!";
|
||||
else if(t==0) throw "冰点!";
|
||||
else{cout<<"temperatore="<<t<<endl;}
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
||||
//Eg10-7.cpp
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ٴ<EFBFBD>throw<EFBFBD>쳣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>throw()
|
||||
//内部再次throw异常的时候,函数不要带throw()
|
||||
void Errhandler(int n)
|
||||
{
|
||||
try{
|
||||
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ void Errhandler(int n)
|
||||
}
|
||||
catch(int n){
|
||||
cout<<"catch an int exception inside..."<<n<<endl;
|
||||
throw n; //<EFBFBD>ٴ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>׳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>catch<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>쳣
|
||||
throw n; //再次抛出本catch捕获的异常
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
|
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
|
||||
#include <iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
const int MAX=3;
|
||||
class Full{}; //L1 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ջ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>׳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>쳣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
class Empty{}; //L2 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ջ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD>׳<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>쳣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
class Full{}; //L1 堆栈满时抛出的异常类
|
||||
class Empty{}; //L2 堆栈空时抛出的异常类
|
||||
class Stack{
|
||||
private:
|
||||
int s[MAX];
|
||||
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ int main(){
|
||||
Stack s;
|
||||
try{
|
||||
s.push(10); s.push(20); s.push(30);
|
||||
//s.push(40); //L5 <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ջ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>쳣
|
||||
//s.push(40); //L5 将产生栈满异常
|
||||
cout<<"stack(0)= "<<s.pop()<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"stack(1)= "<<s.pop()<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"stack(2)= "<<s.pop()<<endl;
|
||||
|
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class DiskNotFound:public FileSysException{
|
||||
};
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
try{
|
||||
// ..... //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// ..... //程序代码
|
||||
throw FileSysException();
|
||||
}
|
||||
catch(DiskNotFound p){cout<<p.Where()<<endl;}
|
||||
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ int main(){
|
||||
catch(FileSysException p){cout<<p.Where()<<endl;}
|
||||
catch(BasicException p){cout<<p.Where()<<endl;}
|
||||
try{
|
||||
// ..... //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
// ..... //程序代码
|
||||
throw DiskNotFound();
|
||||
}
|
||||
catch(BasicException p){cout<<p.Where()<<endl;}
|
||||
|
@@ -12,64 +12,64 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
const char key[3][20]={"img","system","ip"};
|
||||
const char value[3][20]={"d:/a.img","win7","193.68.6.3"};
|
||||
|
||||
//make_pair<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//make_pair插入
|
||||
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
|
||||
mp.insert(make_pair(key[i],value[i]));
|
||||
}
|
||||
//pair<const char*,const char*><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//pair<const char*,const char*>插入
|
||||
mp.insert(pair<const char*,const char*>(key[2],value[2]));
|
||||
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뷽ʽ
|
||||
mp["addr"]="<EFBFBD>й<EFBFBD>";
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//ѭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//数组插入方式
|
||||
mp["addr"]="中国";
|
||||
//迭代器取出元素
|
||||
//循环取出元素
|
||||
for(iter=mp.begin();iter!=mp.end();iter++){
|
||||
cout<<iter->first<<"\t"<<iter->second<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
char key1[20];
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>밴key<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ң<EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入按key查找:";
|
||||
cin.getline(key1,20);
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//查找元素
|
||||
for(iter=mp.begin();iter!=mp.end();iter++){
|
||||
if(strcmp(iter->first,key1)==0){
|
||||
cout<<iter->first<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD>"<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ֵΪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<iter->second<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<iter->first<<"查找出来了!"<<"对应的值为:"<<iter->second<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ
|
||||
//findֻ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>齨<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ҳ<EFBFBD>֧<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>cin<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//第一种删除方式
|
||||
//find只能用于查找数组建立的形式!并且不支持输入用cin等
|
||||
iter=mp.find("addr");
|
||||
if(iter!=mp.end()){
|
||||
cout<<iter->first<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>key<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD>"<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>valueΪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<iter->second<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD>"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<iter->first<<"按照key查找出来了!"<<"对应的value为:"<<iter->second<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"开始删除元素!"<<endl;
|
||||
mp.erase(iter);
|
||||
// break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
//<EFBFBD>ڶ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ַ<EFBFBD>ʽɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>keyɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//第二种方式删除
|
||||
//按照key删除元素
|
||||
char drop_key[20];
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>valueɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//按照value删除元素
|
||||
char drop_value[20];
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>밴keyɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入按key删除:";
|
||||
cin.getline(drop_key,20);
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>밴valueɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入按value删除:";
|
||||
cin.getline(drop_value,20);
|
||||
for(iter=mp.begin();iter!=mp.end();iter++){
|
||||
if(strcmp(iter->first,drop_key)==0){
|
||||
cout<<iter->first<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>key<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD>"<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>valueΪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<iter->second<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD>"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<iter->first<<"按照key查找出来了!"<<"对应的value为:"<<iter->second<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"开始删除元素!"<<endl;
|
||||
mp.erase(iter);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
if(strcmp(iter->second,drop_value)==0){
|
||||
cout<<iter->second<<"value<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ҳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ˣ<EFBFBD>"<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӧ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>keyΪ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<iter->first<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD>"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<iter->second<<"value查找出来了!"<<"对应的key为:"<<iter->first<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"开始删除元素!"<<endl;
|
||||
mp.erase(iter);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
cout<<"------ɾ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ժ<EFBFBD>--------\n";
|
||||
//ѭ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ȡ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
cout<<"------删除元素以后--------\n";
|
||||
//循环取出元素
|
||||
for(iter=mp.begin();iter!=mp.end();iter++){
|
||||
cout<<iter->first<<"\t"<<iter->second<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
|
||||
#include<iostream>
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>쳣<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>׳<EFBFBD>ȥ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//函数异常可以抛出去由主函数来处理
|
||||
void fun(int x){
|
||||
try{
|
||||
if (x==0)
|
||||
throw "<EFBFBD>쳣";
|
||||
throw "异常";
|
||||
}catch(...){
|
||||
cout<<"in fun"<<endl;
|
||||
throw 1;
|
||||
|
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
|
||||
using namespace std;
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
* 时钟类
|
||||
*/
|
||||
class Clock
|
||||
{
|
||||
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ public:
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>캯<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
* 时钟类构造函数
|
||||
*/
|
||||
Clock::Clock(int h,int m, int s)
|
||||
{
|
||||
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ Clock::Clock(int h,int m, int s)
|
||||
Second= s;
|
||||
}
|
||||
else
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʽ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>!"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"输入的时间格式错误!"<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* <EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
* 显示时间
|
||||
*/
|
||||
void Clock::ShowTime()
|
||||
{
|
||||
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ void Clock::ShowTime()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>루<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ++<2B><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
* 时间递增一秒(重载前缀++运算符)
|
||||
*/
|
||||
Clock& Clock::operator ++()
|
||||
{
|
||||
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Clock& Clock::operator ++()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD>루<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>غ<EFBFBD>++<2B><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
* 时间递增一秒(重载后缀++运算符)
|
||||
*/
|
||||
Clock Clock::operator ++(int)
|
||||
{
|
||||
@@ -70,24 +70,24 @@ Clock Clock::operator ++(int)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* <EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
* 主函数
|
||||
*/
|
||||
int main()
|
||||
{
|
||||
Clock myClock(23,59,59);
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʾʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ:\t\t";
|
||||
cout<<"初始化显示时间为:\t\t";
|
||||
myClock.ShowTime();
|
||||
|
||||
cout<<"ִ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>myClock++<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ:\t";
|
||||
cout<<"执行myClock++后的时间为:\t";
|
||||
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ShowTime()<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>myClock=23:59:59<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>myClock++<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱmyClock=00:00:00
|
||||
//先执行ShowTime(),输出myClock=23:59:59,
|
||||
//再执行myClock++,此时myClock=00:00:00
|
||||
(myClock++).ShowTime();
|
||||
|
||||
cout<<"ִ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>++myClock<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϊ:\t";
|
||||
cout<<"执行++myClock后的时间为:\t";
|
||||
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>++myClock<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱmyClock=00:00:01
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ִ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ShowTime()<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>myClock=00:00:01
|
||||
//先执行++myClock,此时myClock=00:00:01
|
||||
//再执行ShowTime(),输出myClock=00:00:01
|
||||
(++myClock).ShowTime();
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
}
|
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ template<typename T,int MAXSIZE> void Stack<T,MAXSIZE>::push(T e){
|
||||
elems[++top]=e;
|
||||
}
|
||||
else{
|
||||
cout<<"ջ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>벻Ҫ<EFBFBD>ټ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"栈已满,请不要再加入元素!";
|
||||
return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ template<typename T,int MAXSIZE> T Stack<T,MAXSIZE>::pop(){
|
||||
return elems[top--];
|
||||
}
|
||||
else{
|
||||
cout<<"ջ<EFBFBD>ѿգ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>벻Ҫ<EFBFBD>ٵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ԫ<EFBFBD>أ<EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"栈已空,请不要再弹出元素!";
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class Array{
|
||||
|
||||
template<class T> T& Array<T>::operator[](int i){
|
||||
if(i<0||i>MAXSIZE-1){
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>±<EFBFBD>Խ<EFBFBD>磡"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"数组下标越界!"<<endl;
|
||||
exit(0);
|
||||
}
|
||||
return array[i];
|
||||
|
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ class Employee{
|
||||
|
||||
class Manager:public Employee{
|
||||
public:
|
||||
//ֱ<EFBFBD>ӵ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ù<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>췽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>췽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͨ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>췽<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ڳ<EFBFBD>ʼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>б<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>д<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݲ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//直接调用构造方法传递,基类构造方法有参数,派生类必须通过构造方法,在初始化列表中传递参数
|
||||
Manager(const char *name,const char *id,int week):Employee(name,id){
|
||||
WeeklySalary=week*1000;
|
||||
}
|
||||
void display(){
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<getName()<<"\t"<<getId()<<"\t"<<WeeklySalary<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"经理:"<<getName()<<"\t"<<getId()<<"\t"<<WeeklySalary<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
private:
|
||||
int WeeklySalary;
|
||||
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ class SaleWorker:public Employee{
|
||||
workerMoney=baseMoney+x*0.05*profit;
|
||||
}
|
||||
void display(){
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<getName()<<"\t"<<getId()<<"\t"<<workerMoney<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"销售员:"<<getName()<<"\t"<<getId()<<"\t"<<workerMoney<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private:
|
||||
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ class HourWorker:public Employee{
|
||||
TotalMoney=h*hourMoney;
|
||||
}
|
||||
void display(){
|
||||
cout<<"Сʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>"<<getName()<<"\t"<<getId()<<"\t"<<TotalMoney<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"小时工:"<<getName()<<"\t"<<getId()<<"\t"<<TotalMoney<<endl;
|
||||
}
|
||||
private:
|
||||
float hourMoney=100.0;
|
||||
@@ -67,23 +67,23 @@ class HourWorker:public Employee{
|
||||
|
||||
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
{
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>빤<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܣ<EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入工作周:";
|
||||
int week;
|
||||
cin>>week;
|
||||
Manager m("С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>","11111111",week);
|
||||
Manager m("小王","11111111",week);
|
||||
m.display();
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入销售利润:";
|
||||
int profit;
|
||||
cin>>profit;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ۼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入销售件数:";
|
||||
int x;
|
||||
cin>>x;
|
||||
SaleWorker s("С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>","222222",profit,x);
|
||||
SaleWorker s("小李","222222",profit,x);
|
||||
s.display();
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>빤<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Сʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入工作小时:";
|
||||
int hour;
|
||||
cin>>hour;
|
||||
HourWorker h("С<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>","333333",hour);
|
||||
HourWorker h("小何","333333",hour);
|
||||
h.display();
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
|
@@ -36,21 +36,21 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
int Math,Chinese,English;
|
||||
fstream ioFile;
|
||||
ioFile.open("d:/per.dat",ios::out|ios::app);
|
||||
cout<<"---------<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѧ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ----------\n";
|
||||
cout<<"---------建立学生档案信息----------\n";
|
||||
do{
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入姓名:";
|
||||
cin>>Name;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֤<EFBFBD>ţ<EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入身份证号:";
|
||||
cin>>Id;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ѧ<EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入数学成绩:";
|
||||
cin>>Math;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뺺<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入汉语成绩:";
|
||||
cin>>Chinese;
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ӣ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɼ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>";
|
||||
cout<<"请输入英语成绩:";
|
||||
cin>>English;
|
||||
Person per(Name,Id,Math,Chinese,English);
|
||||
ioFile.write((char *)&per,sizeof(per));
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>(Y/y) ";
|
||||
cout<<"您是否继续建档?(Y/y) ";
|
||||
cin>>ch;
|
||||
}while(ch=='y'||ch=='Y');
|
||||
ioFile.close();
|
||||
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
ioFile.read((char*)&p,sizeof(p));
|
||||
}
|
||||
ioFile.close();
|
||||
cout<<"---------<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ϣ-----------"<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<"---------输出档案信息-----------"<<endl;
|
||||
for(vt=v.begin();vt!=v.end();vt++){
|
||||
(*vt).display();
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ Sales &operator<<(ostream&os,Sales &s){
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Sales &operator>>(istream&is,Sales &s){
|
||||
cout<<"<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ա<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>֤<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>䣺\n";
|
||||
cout<<"输入雇员的姓名,身份证,年龄:\n";
|
||||
is>>s.name>>s.id>>s.age;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
{
|
||||
Sales s("<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>","15611",26);
|
||||
Sales s("张三","15611",26);
|
||||
cout<<s;
|
||||
cin>>s;
|
||||
cout<<s;
|
||||
|
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
|
||||
cout<<setw(30)<<left<<setfill('*')<<s<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<dec<<setprecision(4)<<digit<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<dec<<15<<endl;
|
||||
//setbase(int x)<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ý<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ƺ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǰ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>㣡
|
||||
//setbase(int x)设置进制后,后面所有操作都是按照这个进制来计算!
|
||||
cout<<setbase(10)<<15<<endl;
|
||||
//<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>,<2C><><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>2λ<32><CEBB>Ч<EFBFBD><D0A7><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
//四舍五入,并保留2位有效数组
|
||||
float x=6.6937;
|
||||
cout<<float(int(x*1000+0.5)/1000.0)<<endl;
|
||||
system("pause");
|
||||
|
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>һ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Circle<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ƹ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Circle<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>int<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD>İ뾶<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>double<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ܳ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>float<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ʱ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Բ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
有一个类Circle,设计该类的类型转换函数,当将Circle对象转换成int型时,返回圆的半径;当将它转换成double型时,就返回圆的周长;当将它转换成float型时,就返回圆的面积。
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD>в<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>û<EFBFBD>з<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>͡<EFBFBD>
|
||||
<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>뷵<EFBFBD>ؽ<EFBFBD>Ҫת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ɵ<EFBFBD>type<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ݡ<EFBFBD>
|
||||
类型转换函数没有参数。
|
||||
类型转换函数没有返回类型。
|
||||
类型转换函数必须返回将要转换成的type类型数据。
|
||||
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@ public:
|
||||
};
|
||||
int main(){
|
||||
Circle c(2.3,3.4,2.5);
|
||||
int r=c; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>operator int()<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Circle<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>int
|
||||
double length=c; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>operator double()<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>double
|
||||
float area=c; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>operator float()<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Circle<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>float
|
||||
double len=(double) c; //<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Cirlce<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>Ͷ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ǿ<EFBFBD><EFBFBD>ת<EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD><EFBFBD>double
|
||||
int r=c; //调用operator int(),将Circle类型转换成int
|
||||
double length=c; //调用operator double(),转换成double
|
||||
float area=c; //调用operator float(),将Circle类型转换成float
|
||||
double len=(double) c; //将Cirlce类型对象强制转换成double
|
||||
cout<<r<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<length<<endl;
|
||||
cout<<len<<endl;
|
||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user